Engender blog

Women, Scotland & Inclusion: Half of humanity is waiting for you

This International Women's Day we're overjoyed to share with you four guest blogs from women across Scotland who are making meaningful steps towards women's equality. The theme of IWD this year is #InspireInclusion, & we asked our bloggers to talk about the communities and campaigns happening across the country.

A graphic with a photo of Azita Jabbari in front of a background of icons incorporating the Engender logo, with text which reads Women, Scotland & Inclusion #IWD2024

Azita Jabbari is a policy lead working in Scotland and a member of Every Woman Treaty, a coalition of more than 3,000 activists in 147 nations advancing a new Optional Protocol on violence against women and girls connected to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) based on its General Recommendation 35. This article expresses her personal opinion, where it is also supported by Every Woman Treaty.

As an Iranian woman coming to the UK—the "developed" world—a few decades ago, it was fantastic to experience more women's rights. But over time, I became aware of multiple occurrences of violence against women and girls (VAWG).

It compelled me to research the possible roots of VAWG, and I found misogynistic attitudes dating back thousands of years.

An innocent reader might think that VAWG only happens these days in "undeveloped" countries. But I've come to understand that this violence exists across all nations and all religions.

The UK National Police Chiefs' Council reports shocking levels of VAWG: "A woman is killed by a man every three days in the UK." Moreover, in the year ending March 2022, sexual offences recorded by the police had risen by 32 per cent, the highest annual figure recorded in England and Wales, including the highest recorded annual numbers of rape.

Out of the 65,251 domestic abuse incidents recorded from 2020 to 2021 by Police Scotland, in four out of five, women were the victims.

These statistics present high negative figures for a developed country like the UK. Europe has similar figures: at least two women are killed every day in the EU by an intimate partner or family member, and two in 10 women have experienced physical or sexual violence.

Across the globe, at least one in three women are raped, beaten, or assaulted, according to the World Health Organization. The situation is dire for migrant women and refugees. In 2021, the UN refugee agency reported that 1 in 5 internally displaced women have been subjected to sexual violence. Women in the UK report high levels of violence before, during and after forced migration.

Based on a report by the UK Government, women who are trafficked for sexual exploitation and domestic servitude report high levels of sexual violence. The Metropolitan police reveal that trafficked women and children are promised better lives but when they arrive in the UK, they can be forced into sexual slavery, forced marriage, and work as servants.

We Can Better Protect Women and Girls 

All of this data has made me wonder what is so "developed" about the West and their respect for human rights? What does it say if vulnerable women come to escape death or persecution and are raped or taken advantage of here? It shows us that regardless of whether a nation is labelled "developed" or "developing," regardless of a nation's belief system, women need to be protected.

On this International Women's Day, I propose a solution that is inclusive of all women. I strongly recommend that the UK support the creation of a treaty in the form of a new Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) specific to ending VAWG. This binding legal instrument would prioritize solutions to gender-based violence against women for all women in every nation through legal reform; training and accountability for police, judges, and healthcare workers; violence-prevention programs; and comprehensive services for survivors.

I was shocked to read that when the UK ratified the Istanbul Convention, Europe's regional treaty on gender-based violence, it excluded migrant women.

This year's theme for International Women's Day is "Inspire Inclusion". The UK's support of a new Optional Protocol to CEDAW would do that—show its commitment to women's rights for all women, and that it welcomes a global instrument that brings much-needed clarity and cohesion to definitions and standards across the world. 

As a longtime resident of the UK, I ask: Why not prove that we are developed by supporting the creation of a global instrument to eradicate violence against half of the world's population?

Guest posts do not necessarily reflect the views of Engender, and all language used is the author's own. Bloggers may have received some editorial support from Engender, and may have received a fee from our commissioning pot. We aim for our blog to reflect a range of feminist viewpoints, and offer a commissioning pot to ensure that women do not have to offer their time or words for free.

Interested in writing for the Engender blog? Find out more here.

GUEST POST: Critically minded? The problem of diversity in film criticism

Engender and the Equal Media and Culture Centre for Scotland have hosted student placements from the MSc in Social Research at the University of Edinburgh and the University of Strathclyde Applied Gender Studies and Research Methods course. As part of their research outputs, the students have produced a series of blogs.

In this post, Alex highlights the need for an intersectional approach to examining our cultural data and why we need more diverse voices in film criticism.

 The graphic shows a dark blue background with white left-aligned text quote that reads "Whether or not the critics are men or women, an almost entirely white perspective on film keeps our Scottish film-reviewing culture pale and stale, if not wholly male.". The quote is attributed to Alex Davies, Student Placement, University of Strathclyde. In the top right-hand corner of the graphic there is the Equal Media and Culture Centre logo.

Film criticism fulfils multiple purposes. People read film reviews for suggestions on what to watch, and whether it’s worth shelling out to go to the cinema.

As a result, film reviews are also tied to a film’s financial success, its consideration for awards and whether it gets a wide release at all. Thus, critics can become “gatekeepers,” defining what counts as “good” art.

GUEST POST: Digital abuse against feminist scholars: a case study

Engender and the Equal Media and Culture Centre for Scotland have hosted student placements from the MSc in Social Research at the University of Edinburgh and the University of Strathclyde Applied Gender Studies and Research Methods course. As part of their research outputs, the students have produced a series of blogs.

In this post, Yoke explores a case study of the online backlash and digital abuse experienced by feminist researchers and scholars.

The graphic shows a light blue background with white left-aligned text quote that reads "Research has shown that when women speak publicly about ‘controversial’ topics, such as feminism, this triggers online abuse. [...] These attacks must be recognised as part of a historical pattern of violent repercussions against those who defy patriarchal, white supremacist, capitalist dominance.". The quote is attributed to Yoke Baeyens, Student Placement, University of Strathclyde. In the top right-hand corner of the graphic there is the Equal Media and Culture Centre logo.

Online abuse is used as a silencing mechanism against women and other minoritised identities in the public (online) space.

Weaponising misogyny and dehumanisation techniques, perpetrators aim to push their targets outside the public sphere, to reinstate misogynistic, heteronormative dominance. These public displays of violence also serve to remind and threaten others who might want to defy misogynist, white supremacist, and heteronormative power structures. As Gosse et al. (2021) state, online abuse causes scholars and journalists to self-censor and choose ‘safe’ topics to discuss publicly in an attempt to protect themselves, thereby upholding the status quo. Indeed, research has shown that when women speak publicly about ‘controversial’ topics, such as feminism, this triggers online abuse. This is particularly a problem for feminist scholars who use social media to spread information on feminist research. These attacks must be recognised as part of a historical pattern of violent repercussions against those who defy patriarchal, white supremacist, capitalist dominance. Women have always been the target of abuse, and while the medium is new and everchanging, the intention is not.

GUEST POST: The Cost of Childcare Crisis

Engender has recently hosted student placements from the MSc in Social Research at the University of Edinburgh and the University of Strathclyde Applied Gender Studies and Research Methods course. As part of their research outputs, the students have produced a series of blogs.

In this post, Marianne looks at how the cost of living crisis continues to disproportionately impact women, and how this is compounded by women's unpaid work and childcare responsibilities.

The graphic shows a bright green background with black left-aligned text quote that reads "The issue does not just lie in access to childcare, either; gender roles are deeply embedded into our society and are a major reason why mothers still feel pressure to be the primary carer for their children. The government needs to do more to tackle these stereotypes, such as making parliament itself more family-friendly.". The quote is attributed to Marianne Willetts, Student Placement, University of Strathclyde. In the top right-hand corner of the graphic there is Engender's logo, which is an equals sign in a black circle.

Milk, bread, electricity, petrol and even crème eggs: the cost of living crisis has seen drastic surges in prices of just about every household good. Everyone’s purses are feeling the strain, and heads are turning to the government to aid the struggling population.

Often unacknowledged in these debates, however, is the evidence that women are being disproportionately affected by the cost of living crisis over men. The economic instability of the country is affecting the lowest-paid of the population, of which women make up the majority, with 69% of low-paid and insecure jobs being held by women. Engender released their Women & The Cost of Living report in November 2022 that highlighted that this disproportion is related to the long-standing inequalities that ensure women make up the highest percentage of low-paid jobs, such as those in the care sector and unpaid care and domestic jobs at home. Based on this perhaps unsurprising revelation, Engender made a series of suggestions for the Scottish Parliament in order to tackle these inequalities. 

GUEST POST: Reflections of the Student Placement Experience - An Insight into the Women’s Sector in Scotland

Today we're publishing the next in a series of blogs from recent student placements Engender has hosted from the MSc in Social Research at the University of Edinburgh and the University of Strathclyde Applied Gender Studies and Research Methods course.

In this post, Beth reflects on her experience of undertaking a research placement and the importance of considering urban planning policies through a feminist lens.

The graphic shows a bright pink background with black left-aligned text quote that reads "From how women inherently experience urban living differently, how transport systems are predominantly based on the traditional 9-5 bi-daily commuter journey, to even how public spending budgets disadvantage certain groups, I’ve found it eye-opening to see the full extent of gender inequality even within the 21st century.". The quote is attributed to Beth Allen, Student Placement, University of Edinburgh. In the top right-hand corner of the graphic there is Engender's logo, which is an equals sign in a black circle.

During the summer semester of my MSc in Social Research at the University of Edinburgh, I have been fortunate enough to experience completing my dissertation as a placement student with Engender. This placement has been invaluable, and I wanted to take this opportunity to reflect on this and maybe inspire others to gain experience of working within the women’s sector.

Downloads

Engender Briefing: Pension Credit Entitlement ChangesEngender Briefing: Pension Credit Entitlement Changes From 15 May 2019, new changes will be introduced which will require couples where one partner has reached state pension age and one has not (‘mixed age couples’) to claim universal credit (UC) instead of Pension Credit.

Engender Parliamentary Briefing: Condemnation of Misogyny, Racism, Harassment and SexismEngender Parliamentary Briefing: Condemnation of Misogyny, Racism, Harassment and Sexism Engender welcomes this Scottish Parliament Debate on Condemnation of Misogyny, Racism, Harassment and Sexism and the opportunity to raise awareness of the ways in which women in Scotland’s inequality contributes to gender-based violence.

Gender Matters in Social Security: Individual Payments of Universal CreditGender Matters in Social Security: Individual Payments of Universal Credit A paper calling on the Scottish Government to automatically split payments of Universal Credit between couples, once this power is devolved to the Scottish Parliament.

Gender Matters Manifesto: Twenty for 2016Gender Matters Manifesto: Twenty for 2016 This manifesto sets out measures that, with political will, can be taken over the next parliamentary term in pursuit of these goals.

Scottish NGO Briefing for UN Special Rapporteur on Violence Against WomenScottish NGO Briefing for UN Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women Joint briefing paper for the UN Rapporteur on Violence Against Women.

Become a member

Newsletter

Sign up to receive our newsletter here:

Sign up to our mailing list

Receive key feminist updates direct to your inbox:

Loading